Electrochemical Determination of Lead & Copper Ions Using Thiolated Calix[4]arene-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode

This study used a thiolated calix[4]arene derivative modified on gold nanoparticles and screen-printed carbon electrode (TC4/AuNPs/SPCE) for Pb2+ Cu2+ determination. The surface of the was characterised via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance (EIS). Differential pulse (DPV) detection under optimum conditions. limit (LOD) detecting 0.7982 × 10?2 ppm 1.3358 ppm, respectively. Except Zn2+ Hg2+, presence competitive ions caused little effect current response when Pb2+. However, all significant drop in Cu2+, except Ca2+ Mg2+, suggesting sensing platform is more selective toward rather than copper (Cu2+) ions. sensor demonstrated good reproducibility excellent stability with low relative standard deviation (RSD) value lead Most importantly, result obtained analysis had recovery river water, demonstrating applicability developed real samples.